Joseph b



(No Model.)

J. B. LAUGHTON.

BUFFER AND POLISHER.

Patented Jan. 19, 1886.

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tion, the filler being applied fabric of the same,

UNITEI) STATES JOSEPH B. LAUGHTON, or BROOKLYN, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, AND

PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLPHUS F. BISHOP AND JOHN H. AIKEN, OF NORWALK, CONN.

BUFFER AND POLISHER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,671, dated January 19, 1886. Application filed April 24, 1885. Serial No. 163,281. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J osnrn B. LAUGHTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Buffers and Polishers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved buffer and polisher of combined and tempered materials adapted to the scaling, polishing, and bufiing of metals, ores, glass, marble, stone, wood, and other substances.

My invention consists of an improved buffer or polisher comprising the composition of a foundation or container, a filler, and a binder, in combination; but for some purposes the container and binder only a e in composias required, said filler and binder being varied in proportions and conditions of temper for different purposes, according to need.

The foundation or container consists of a textile substance, and in most cases will be a its office being to contain the other two elements and feed or supply them to the buffing-surface. It may be formed by any known method of association of the fibers, and unassociated fibers may be adapted for the foundation by means of strong como pression.

The filler consists of cutting and polishing grains and powders, such as metallic pigments, emery, or whatever will accomplish the purpose of cutting, polishing, and buffing.

The binder consists of any suitable substance that, by reason of adhesive properties, will bind all together, prevent untimely displacement, secure equal wear to'all parts, and will promote elasticity and durability.

The filler or binder may be incorporated or combined with the container together or in different stages of process, as their properties may make necessary.

In some cases it willbe desirable to omit the filler in the construction of the buffer, the binder only being then incorporated with the container to admit of the application to the rim or surface of the buffer in variable quantities of the cutting-pigments as needed in the use of the buffer. In this case the binder makes the container receptive of the filler when applied to the surface, and enables a single wheel or buffer to perform the oflice of several by simply varying the kind of polishing-powder.

In most cases my improved buffer will be used in the form of wheels to be used on revolving arbors; but in others it may be employed in flat form in reciprocating motion.

In the accompanying drawings I have represented the said improved bufier in two different forms of bufiingwheels made by different methods, as follows:

Figure l is an oblique side view of a buflingwheel made of disks of textile fabric for the foundation-or container. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of devices illustrating one method of making the buffer of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a buffing-wheel made of a strip of textile fabric, together with devices illustrating the making of the same, partly in side elevation and partly in section.

Using felted or woven disks a, of textile fabric, they may be first dippedina bath, b, containing the binder c, of, say, oil, shellac, or other adhesive substance, to saturate the same; or they may be saturated in any other approved way with the binder only or with a composition of the binder and filler when the latter is of such nature as will allow of being applied in composition with the binder. The disks may then be placed in apress, d e, to be highly compressed for cohesion; but when the filler is of larger, coarser, and heavier grain than will allow of being thus applied it may be sprinkled on each layer with a sieve, f, the bath in this case containing only the binder.

Unassociated fibers may have the binder and filler suitably mixed with them, and then be pressed in a die for effecting cohesion.

When it is preferred to use a strip, 9, of textile fabric, it may be charged with the com position of the binder and filler in the bath 2;, or with the binder alone, by drawing it through the bath,as shown,and have thefiller sprinkled on it, in the latter case with a sieve, f, the strip being at the same time rolled, as indlcated at h, to form the buffer after being drawn between a pair of rolls, 6, to squeeze out the excess of the binder, or both binder and filler, when both are combined in the bath, in which case the rolls press the filler into the fabric.

If desired, the strip may be pressed by a roller on the roll h, as the winding progresses, to condense and harden the same; but, being wound with sufficient tension onthe strip, the buffer will become sufficiently hard by the drying of the binder.

When the filler is of such coarse material as would interfere with the tool in reaming out the hole for the mandrel to fit a mandrel of larger than the minimum size, Ipropose to construct the buffer with alimited area, 7c, immediately about the spindle or arbor hole, which may contain the binder, but'shall not contain the filler, thus adapting any wheel to arbors of different sizes. This may be effected by clamping the center portion of the disks between clamps that will protect said central portion when they are immersed in the bath; or, a disk, j, may be used to cover said center portions when the filler is sprinkled on; or, in the case of the rolled buffer, the center portion, k, may be rolled before passing the strip through the bath or applying the filler by the sieve.

The present most-used buffer consists of a wheel composed of many disks of cloth packed on an arbor, to which cloth the polishing material is applied at the periphery while in motion. But very little of the filler is retained, and none is received into the fine interstices of the cloth, the most being thrown off by centrifugal force and lost, thus requiring it to be frequently applied, which causes much waste of material and loss of time of the operator. It also throws off much dust that is detached from the stick employed to apply it, but not received by the cloth-wheel, and is in so far an unhealthy and dirty process.

My improved wheel is an automatic feeder when the filler is contained together with the binder, the polishing material being ever present in the surface while the wheel lasts.

By varying the different elements of the combined wheel and the compression em ployed for. cohesion, different degrees of hardness or solidity may be obtained (as desired) for different kinds of work.

surface by dipping the rubber as a means of preventing the waste of the powder previously to using the rubber, but not as a component part of the rubber, and I do not herein claim the binder, except as in homogeneous composition with the container and filler in a compressed state.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a buffing or polishing wheel, of a textile foundation or container and a cohesive binder in a homogeneous composition, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a buffer or polisher, of a textile foundation or container, a cohesive binder, and a polishing or abrading filler in ahomogeneous eomposition,substantially as described.

3. In a buffer or polisher consisting of a textile foundation or container, a cohesive binder and al polishing or abrading filler, in combination, said buffer having a limited area surrounding the hole for the mandrel from which the filler is excluded, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOS. B. LAUGI-ITON.

WVitnesses:

W. J. MORGAN, S. H. MORGAN. 

